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with valentine's day just passed we

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thought this might be a good time to

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talk about the heart in particular the

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largest heart study ever completed on

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board the space station

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laurie meigs of the payload operations

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center at nasa's marshall space flight

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valentine's day is sometimes used to

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measure how big or how small our heart

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is one study actually measured the size

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of the heart of astronauts on the space

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station to see how microgravity may or

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may not affect it it's one study that

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according to the co-investigator is

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already changing lives on earth

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the icv or integrated cardiovascular

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study was the largest and most ambitious

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study of the cardiovascular adaptation

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to long-term space flight ever attempted

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we studied 14 astronauts

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before and during and after six months

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on the space station and we did a very

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comprehensive set of evaluations

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before and afterwards we used cardiac

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mri very advanced cardiac imaging to

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look at cardiac morphology and structure

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since we originally hypothesized that

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the heart atrophies and shrinks with

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long duration space flight about one

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percent a week we quantified the work of

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the heart by putting a little finger

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blood pressure device and measuring the

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amount of work the heart was doing with

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each heartbeat

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over the course of 24 hours we looked at

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advanced electrophysiology

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we used echocardiography novel imaging

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techniques 2 and 3d imaging at multiple

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gravitational gradients so um space

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which spell equivalent which is lying

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flat

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mars equivalent

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right and then earth equivalent so it

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allowed us to calibrate what we saw in

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space

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and then perhaps even more important on

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landing day we study them again at mars

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gravity which is the first time anyone

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has ever evaluated the cardiovascular

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system if an astronaut were to land on

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mars after six months in flight what'd

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you find

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well interestingly

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you know the astronauts right now do a

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lot of exercise on on play

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and so

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our least fit astronauts the ones who

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release fit before they left

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actually became fitter instead of

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getting smaller their hearts got bigger

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and um because we were quantifying the

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amount of work of the heart we could

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show that the more work the heart did in

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space compared to beforehand the more

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the heart got bigger in contrast the

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most fit astronauts tended to lose some

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heart muscle

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but not nearly as much as we had

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predicted because of all the

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countermeasures so at the end of the day

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with the kind of counter countermeasures

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we're doing in flight the heart adapts

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pretty well

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but basically overall we're studying you

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know they're healthy the astronauts are

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healthy people that's right how does

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this relate to folks on earth who

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may not be as healthy and as fit as that

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sure well perhaps the best example is

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patients who have what we call

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orthostatic intolerance or the inability

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to stand up in fact there's a group of

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patients

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mostly young women called the postural

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orthostatic tachycardia syndrome who

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can't stand up for long periods of time

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their hearts are beating really really

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fast

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and they get lightheaded and dizzy and

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and it turns out that their physiology

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is very similar to astronauts

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and so

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their hearts get really really small

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just like astronauts do and

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based on what we learned from studying

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astronauts and our bedrest studies we

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know that if you can keep the heart from

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shrinking

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you can prevent or reverse this syndrome

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and we've now studied hundreds of women

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around the world and changed the lives

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of many of them i get emails all the

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time dr levine you've given me my life

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back

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wow that's something too it is quite

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compelling and it's all based on the

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work we did with nasa trying to

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understand what happens to the heart in

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space

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and taking a live look into the payload

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operations integration center tim

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horvath is the payload operations

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director today leading the team of

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flight controllers here in assisting the

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crew with all of those busy science

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activities and penny pettigrew is the

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pacom assisted by crystal morgan today

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that'll do it for us here from the

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payload operations integration center